Description
Tissue culture is the propagation of plants in sterile and disinfected conditions that is called In Vitro condition. The culture medium contains a variety of substances, high-consumption and low-consumption elements (Macro and Micro Elements), vitamins and growth-regulating hormones. Since buds cannot grow in liquid culture medium, agar (similar to gelatin) is added to the culture medium to make the medium jelly-like and allow cells grow and multiply. All the mentioned materials are added to the culture medium and media are placed in special temperature and light conditions.
Advantages of tissue culture:
- Production and propagation of healthy plants, free of viruses and diseases
- Remarkable increase in production speed and volume, which results is commercialization of various agricultural products
- Uniformity in propagated plants
- Early fruitfulness
- Increase in the efficiency of agricultural productions by modifying the method of propagation
- Propagation of cultivars that are impossible or difficult to be produced in other ways
- Preservation of superior or endangered species
- Increase in the quality of agricultural products due to the propagation of superior horticultural and agronomic cultivars
- Creating more resistant varieties to dehydration
- Creating more resistant cultivars to alkaline and saline soils
- Creating more resistant cultivars to nematodes and fungi
- Reduction in the use of insecticides and pesticides >>> Help to preserve the environment
- Reduction in the need for seeds
- Help to extend exports and increase the country’s export efficiency
- Prosperity of production and increase in economic productivity
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